A Critical Discourse Analysis of Columns of Orya Maqbool Jan using Norman Fairclough CDA Model
Keywords:
Critical Discourse Analysis, Opinion Columns, Politico Religion, Ideology, Narrative Language
Abstract
Media discourse is a tool of social construction of the opinions and ideologies among the masses. This study aims to examine and investigate the ideological underpinning behind the opinion columns of Orya Maqbool Jan who is a renowned Pakistani columnist. He is also an analyst who gives opinion on international matters related to religion, politics, and international relations among Islamic nations in newspapers and television channels. For this purpose, the qualitative method using the Norman Fairclough CDA model was employed to unveil the hidden ideology behind the Orya Maqbool Jan’s politico religion discourse. Two important rationales to conduct this research was to analyze the ideological orientation and inclination of the columnist behind his discourse, and to examine the frames used by the columnist for the social construction of his desired narrative. Through purposive sampling, five different columns appeared in newspapers were selected during the time frame of six months. The results reveal that the columnists often used the catchy phrases and glorious relationships to attract the audience and cultivate his desired narrative and ideology. It was observed that the columnist is very much inspired by the Islamic system, concepts and the rules
and regulations. Besides that, the ideological components of Orya Maqbool Jan’s text were Pro-Islamic, AntiSecularists, Anti-Liberalism, Anti-democratic and Pro-Taliban.
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Soomro, S., Kazemian, B., & Bughio, F. A. (2015). An investigation of the reading text ‘Pakistan Zindabad’(Long
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Tahir, M. (2013). A critical discourse analysis of religious othering of muslims in the Washington Post. Middle-East
Journal of Scientific Research, 14(6), 744-753.
Tiono, N. I. (2003). An analysis on syntactic and semantic factors found in newspaper headlines. k@ ta lama, 5(1),
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Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Opinions and Ideologies in the Press, in A. Bell and P. Garret (eds) Approach to media
discourse.an Dijk, T. A. (1998). Opinions and Ideologies in the Press, in A. Bell and P. Garret (eds) Approach
to media discourse.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Ideology: A multidisciplinary approach. Sage.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2000). New (s) racism: A discourse analytical approach. Ethnic minorities and the media, 37, 33-49.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Critical Discourse Analysis.‖ I n Handbook of Discourse Analysis. D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin &
H. Hamilton, eds.
on the Representation of Iran's Nuclear Program. Theory & Practice in Language Studies, 4(10).
Anwar, M. N., Ullah, R., Ahmad, N., & Ali, M. (2020). Critical discourse analysis of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali
Jinnah’s (11th August, 1947) speech in the first constituent assembly of Pakistan. South Asian Studies, 30(1).
Biber, D. (1991). Variation across speech and writing. Cambridge University Press.
Costelloe, L. (2014). Discourses of sameness: Expressions of nationalism in newspaper discourse on French urban
violence in 2005. Discourse & Society, 25(3), 315-340.
Duanprakhon, P. (2012). Critical discourse analysis of news headlines: a case of youth crime in Thailand. School of
Language and Communication National Institute of Development Administration.
Eissa, M. M. (2014). Polarized discourse in the news. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 134, 70-91.
Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of communication, 57(1), 163-173.
Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and social change (Vol. 10). Cambridge: Polity press.
Fornkwa, M. J. (2015). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Newspaper Articles on the 2015 State Budget of Cameroon
in the National Press. In Yaounde International Symposium on Academic Writing and Mentorship for Junior
Scientists.
Fowler, R. (1991). Language in the news: Discourse and ideology in the press Routledge. London and New York.
Gopang, I. B., & Bughio, F. A. (2017). Pakistani Budget 2013-2014: A Critical Discourse Analysis. International
Journal of English language teaching. Retrieved from https. www. researchgate. net/publication/281237843
on the 1st of Dec.
Hawes, T., & Thomas, S. (1995). Theme Choice and Lateral Verbs in Newspaper Editorials. Hong Kong Papers in
Linguistics and language Teaching, 18, 103-113.
Hodge, R., & Kress, G. R. (1993). Language as ideology (Vol. 2). London: Routledge.
Izadi, F., & Saghaye-Biria, H. (2007). A discourse analysis of elite American newspaper editorials: The case of Iran’s
nuclear program. Journal of communication inquiry, 31(2), 140-165.
Khalil, H., Lakho, M. K., Bari, A., & Soomro, U. H. (2020). REPRESENTATION OF TRANSGENDER
COMMUNITY IN PAKISTANI ENGLISH NEWSPAPERS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DAILY
DAWN & EXPRESS TRIBUNE. e-BANGI, 17(6), 121-132.
Khan, M. H., Adnan, H. M., Kaur, S., Khuhro, R. A., Asghar, R., & Jabeen, S. (2019). Muslims’ representation in
Donald Trump’s anti-Muslim-Islam statement: A critical discourse analysis. Religions, 10(2), 115.
Kougoum,T. G. (2016). A Critical Discourse Analysis of newspaper articles on Boko Haram crisis in Cameroon.
Unpublished DIPES II Dissertation. Ecole Normale Supérieure, University of Maroua, Cameroon.
Kuhi, D., Tofigh, M., & Babaie, R. (2013). Writers’ self-representation in academic writing: the case of computer
engineering research articles by English versus Iranian writers. International Journal of Research Studies in
Language Learning, 2(3), 35-48.
Luke, A. (1997). Introduction: Theory and Practice in Critical Discourse Analysis, [w:] L. Saha (ed.), International
Encyclopedia of the Sociology of Education.
Mahmood, M., S. Javed, and Mahmood, R. (2011). A Critical Discourse Analysis of the news headlines of budget of
Pakistan FY 2011-2012. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business. Institute of
Interdisciplinary Business Research 2011 Vol 3, No 5.
Mahmood, T., Kausar, G., & Khan, G. Z. (2018). A Critical discourse analysis of the editorials of" Dawn" and" The
New York Times" in the aftermath of Army Public School attack. The" Us" versus" Them" ideology. Journal
of Research in Social Sciences, 6(2), 1-17.
McCombs, M. (1997). Building consensus: The news media's agenda-setting roles. Political Communication, 14(4),
433-443.
McGregor, L.T. (2006). Critical Discourse Analysis: A- Primer. [Online] Available:
http://www.kon.org/archives/forum/15-1/mcgregorcda.html (December 20, 2011)
Morley, J., & Murphy, A. (2005). The peroration revisited: persuasion in two newspaper discourse types. In 15th
European Symposium on Languages for Special Purposes titled New Trends in Discourse, University of
Bergamo, Italy, 29th August-2nd September.
Norman, F. (1995). Media discourse. London: Edward Arnold.
Onifade, O. S. (2015). Media narratives on power relations in nigeria: A critical discourse analysis of three national
newspaper columnists (Doctoral dissertation, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU)-Doğu Akdeniz
Üniversitesi (DAÜ)).
Paul, R. (2006). & Elder, L. Critical Thinking: Learn the Tools the Best Thinkers Use.
Poorebrahim, F., & Reza Zarei, G. (2013). How is Islam portrayed in western media? A critical discourse analysis
perspective. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1(2), 57-75.
Rafiq, K., Bari, A., & Lakho, M. K. (2021). Portrayal of Aasia Bibi Blasphemy Case: A Comparative Analysis of
News Headlines in Pakistani Newspapers. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 4(3).
Ross, S. (2002). Other axis of evil nations take note of US actions.
Shah, S. (2017). Journalism, Nationalism, and Multiperspectivity: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Media Coverage
of Kulbhushan Jadhav Case in Pakistani and Indian Media. Pakistan Journal of Peace and Conflict
Studies, 2(1), 51-57.
Shazia, A.G., Ayazuddin, Muhammad, A (2017), A Critical Discourse Analysis of Imran Khan’s First Speech in the
Parliament. Perspectives in Language, Linguistics and Media 2 (2017) 149-167
Simpson, J. C. (1995). Pluralism: The evolution of a nebulous concept. American Behavioral Scientist, 38(3), 459-
477.
Soomro, S., Kazemian, B., & Bughio, F. A. (2015). An investigation of the reading text ‘Pakistan Zindabad’(Long
Live Pakistan): Critical discourse analysis perspective. Education and Linguistics Research, 1(2), 42-51.
Spector, J. M., Merrill, M. D., Elen, J., & Bishop, M. J. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of research on educational
communications and technology (pp. 413-424). New York, NY: Springer.
Tahir, M. (2013). A critical discourse analysis of religious othering of muslims in the Washington Post. Middle-East
Journal of Scientific Research, 14(6), 744-753.
Tiono, N. I. (2003). An analysis on syntactic and semantic factors found in newspaper headlines. k@ ta lama, 5(1),
67-83.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Opinions and Ideologies in the Press, in A. Bell and P. Garret (eds) Approach to media
discourse.an Dijk, T. A. (1998). Opinions and Ideologies in the Press, in A. Bell and P. Garret (eds) Approach
to media discourse.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1998). Ideology: A multidisciplinary approach. Sage.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2000). New (s) racism: A discourse analytical approach. Ethnic minorities and the media, 37, 33-49.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2001). Critical Discourse Analysis.‖ I n Handbook of Discourse Analysis. D. Tannen, D. Schiffrin &
H. Hamilton, eds.
Published
2023-02-15
How to Cite
Rafiq, K., Bari, A., & Hussain, N. (2023). A Critical Discourse Analysis of Columns of Orya Maqbool Jan using Norman Fairclough CDA Model. Journal of Social Sciences and Media Studies, 5(1), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.58921/jossams.05.01.0194
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